Six fundamentals that work for almost every orchid in cultivation. Master these and the rest is fine-tuning.
Most orchids prize bright, indirect light. East windows give gentle morning sun; sheer curtains diffuse harsh midday rays. Leaves should feel cool — never hot — to the touch.
Water once the potting medium is just dry, never on a calendar. Soak thoroughly, then let drain — orchids hate sitting in water. Most thrive on a 7–10 day rhythm indoors.
Aim for 50–70%. A pebble tray, a nearby humidifier, or a bathroom with a window all work. Air movement matters as much as moisture — stagnant humidity invites rot.
Day temperatures of 18–27°C (65–80°F) suit most species. A 5–10°F drop at night triggers reblooming for many genera, including Phalaenopsis.
Repot every 1–2 years into fresh bark mix once the medium breaks down. Best timing: just after blooming, when new roots emerge.
A balanced orchid fertilizer at quarter strength, "weakly weekly." Flush with plain water monthly to prevent salt buildup in the medium.